Summary

Obesity increases the risk of multiple cardiovascular diseases. This paper reviewed the influence of sex on obesity treatment responses, emphasizing cardiovascular disease risk factor reduction and outcomes.
Evidence thus far from obesity trials has not shown a significant difference in cardiovascular outcomes by sex, though studies remain limited. Cardiologists are essential in identifying patients who would benefit from evidence-based obesity treatment to reduce future cardiovascular risk and improve outcomes among those with established cardiovascular disease. Future intervention trials should assess and report cardiovascular outcomes by sex, as data on this topic remains limited, especially when stratified by age, race, or co-morbidities.